A laboratory hydrothermal reactor is a specialized device designed to perform hydrothermal and solvothermal synthesis under controlled conditions of temperature and pressure. It provides a safe, closed environment for chemical reactions, crystal growth, and material synthesis, allowing scientists to reproduce complex natural processes in the laboratory.

This makes it an indispensable instrument for chemistry, material science, and nanotechnology research.

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Structure and Composition

Component	Material	Function
Outer Shell	Stainless Steel 304/316	Provides mechanical strength and pressure resistance
Inner Liner	PTFE (Teflon) or PPL	Chemically inert surface for reactions
Sealing Ring	Silicone/PTFE	Ensures airtight closure
Locking Mechanism	Thread or bolt design	Maintains safety under high pressure

The double-layer structure offers both mechanical durability and chemical inertness, ensuring safe and contamination-free experiments.

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Working Principle of Hydrothermal Reactor

The reactor works by heating a sealed liquid reaction system within a high-pressure environment. The rise in temperature leads to solvent vaporization, creating internal pressure that facilitates hydrothermal reactions.

These reactions promote crystallization, reduction, oxidation, and phase transformation, enabling the formation of nanomaterials, catalysts, ceramics, and other advanced compounds.

Main Feature

• Excellent corrosion resistance against strong acids, bases, and solvents.
• High pressure and temperature endurance.
• Smooth, non-reactive liner surface for high purity synthesis.
• Compact and user-friendly design suitable for benchtop labs.
• Customizable sizes and OEM options available.

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Applications of Laboratory Hydrothermal Reactor

The hydrothermal reactor is used in multiple research areas, including:

• Nanoparticle synthesis (TiO₂, ZnO, Fe₃O₄, Co₃O₄, etc.)
• Ceramic and crystal material fabrication
• Zeolite, perovskite, and catalyst development
• Geochemical and mineral formation studies
• Organic and inorganic chemical synthesis

This versatile reactor helps researchers produce uniform, high-purity, and reproducible materials efficiently.

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Operating Steps

1. Prepare the solution or precursor mixture.
2. Pour it into the Teflon liner (not exceeding 80% volume).
3. Assemble and tighten the reactor body.
4. Heat the reactor in a furnace to the desired temperature.
5. After the reaction, allow the unit to cool before opening.
6. Clean the liner and seals for future use.

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Safety Guidelines

• Do not exceed rated limits of pressure or temperature.
• Avoid quick temperature changes.
• Use appropriate protective gear.
• Check the condition of sealing components before every use.

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Advantages of Hydrothermal Reactor

• Enables precise control of experimental conditions.
• Ensures high sample purity and repeatability.
• Provides safe operation even at extreme conditions.
• Long-lasting with low maintenance cost.
• Suitable for academic, industrial, and R&D applications.